...financial support for Greece and Turkey would stop at the end of March. Truman’s approach to Congress was based on the belief that without financial support Greece and Turkey would...
The 3 Polish codebreakers Marian Rejewski, Jerzy Rozycki and Henryk Zygalski ‘Il y a du nouveau’ On 26 July 1939, in the Pyry Forest south of Warsaw, Polish cryptologists revealed...
April sees commemorations across the globe of the initial landings in a campaign centred on the Dardanelles Strait and the Gallipoli Peninsula in Turkey. For Turkey, Australia and New Zealand...
...sword to smite its enemies. Spreading the Revolution Initially focussed on internal opposition, the Cheka began very soon to send agents abroad to gather intelligence and promote revolution by covert...
...confidential go-between, conveying messages between them. From the outset, Lloyd George assumed total control in a way unknown to Herbert Henry Asquith or his predecessors. He appointed a five-man War...
...Republic of Turkey, where perceptions of Lausanne have shifted remarkably. Hailed for decades as a victory, as 'the birth certificate of the Republic', Lausanne has now come to be viewed...
...Not that the going was always smooth between these Foreign Secretaries and their Prime Ministers. Castlereagh’s diplomatic tour of Europe between 1814-15 took him to the Hague, through Germany, into...
...overall codename for the Allied invasion of occupied north-western Europe. After months of detailed planning, involving much discussion, a certain amount of friction between Allied military and civilian authorities, and...
...that symbolised their service to the war (Figures 3 and 4); a code of conduct (although this was not uniform across the counties), and faced disciplinary action for misdemeanours.[12] Whilst...
...observation through their correspondent in the Hague. The National Archives, KV 2/1 French actions The British informed the French of their concerns. Captain Georges Ladoux, the Head of the French...